also read chapter 10Class 8 SST Chapter 10 Colonialism and Tribal Societies DAV Solutions | Complete Answers
A. Tick (✔) the correct option
- The Revolt of 1857 started on—
👉 (a) May 10, 1857 - Mangal Pandey belonged to which place?
👉 (c) Barrackpore - Who took over the governance of India from the East India Company after the 1857 revolt?
👉 (b) The Queen - The British army was reorganised after the Revolt of 1857 to—
👉 (d) prevent future revolts - The practice of looking down upon the Blacks is known as—
👉 (c) racial discrimination
B. Fill in the blanks
- The First War of Independence is also known as the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857.
- The British considered themselves superior.
- Bahadur Shah Zafar was exiled to Rangoon.
- Rani Lakshmibai wanted her lost kingdom (Jhansi).
- The Doctrine of Lapse created resentment among Indian rulers.
✍️ D. Short Answer Questions (Brief)
1. What was the Doctrine of Lapse?
The Doctrine of Lapse was a policy introduced by Lord Dalhousie. According to this, if a ruler died without a natural heir, his kingdom would be taken over by the British.
2. Why were Indian soldiers unhappy?
Indian soldiers were unhappy because:
- They were paid less than British soldiers
- They were treated badly
- They had to follow rules that hurt their religious beliefs
3. Name any two leaders of the revolt.
- Rani Lakshmi Bai
- Nana Sahib
4. What was the immediate cause of the revolt?
The use of greased cartridges (made from cow and pig fat) hurt the religious sentiments of both Hindus and Muslims, which triggered the revolt.
📝 E. Long Answer Questions (Detailed & Easy Language)
1. What were the causes of the Revolt of 1857?
The Revolt of 1857 happened due to many reasons:
Political Causes:
The British followed unfair policies like the Doctrine of Lapse and annexed many kingdoms. This made Indian rulers angry.
Economic Causes:
Heavy taxes were imposed on farmers. Indian industries like handicrafts were destroyed due to British goods.
Social and Religious Causes:
The British tried to interfere in Indian traditions and customs. People feared they would be forced to convert to Christianity.
Military Causes:
Indian soldiers were treated unequally. They had fewer promotions and lower salaries.
Immediate Cause:
The greased cartridges insulted religious beliefs, which led to anger and revolt.
2. Why did the Revolt of 1857 fail?
The revolt failed due to the following reasons:
- There was no unity among Indians
- Many rulers did not support the revolt
- The British had better weapons and organization
- There was no clear leadership or planning
- Some groups like Sikhs and princes supported the British
3. What were the results of the Revolt of 1857?
After the revolt:
- The British government ended the rule of the East India Company
- India came under the direct control of the British Crown
- The post of Governor-General was replaced by Viceroy
- The British became more careful about Indian traditions
- The army was reorganised to prevent future revolts
4. Write about the role of Rani Lakshmi Bai in the revolt.
Rani Lakshmi Bai of Jhansi was one of the bravest leaders of the revolt.
- She opposed the British when they took over Jhansi
- She fought bravely against British forces
- She led her army with great courage
- She became a symbol of bravery and patriotism
Even today, she is remembered as a great freedom fighter
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