D.A.V Solutions

Dav Class 8 S.St Chapetr 4 MIneral and Energy Resources

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📘 Something To Know – MCQ Answers

1. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of rocks?

(a) These are composed of mineral crystals
(b) These have a definite mineral composition
(c) These vary in hardness and colour
(d) These form outermost shell of the earth

✅ Correct Answer: (b) These have a definite mineral composition

👉 Explanation:
Rocks are made of minerals, but they do NOT have a fixed composition. Minerals have definite composition, not rocks.

2. Which one of the following is the best quality of coal?

(a) lignite
(b) bituminous
(c) anthracite
(d) peat

✅ Correct Answer: (c) anthracite

👉 Explanation:
Anthracite is the highest quality coal because it has:

  • Highest carbon content
  • Maximum heat value
  • Least impurities

3. The major oilfields of India are located in which one of the following states of India?

(a) Assam
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Bihar
(d) Tamil Nadu

✅ Correct Answer: (a) Assam

👉 Explanation:
Assam is one of the oldest and major oil-producing states in India (e.g., Digboi oilfield).

4. The metallic minerals used in electrical industry are—

(a) copper and bauxite
(b) iron and copper
(c) mica and manganese
(d) bauxite and iron

✅ Correct Answer: (a) copper and bauxite

👉 Explanation:

  • Copper → excellent conductor
  • Bauxite (aluminium) → used in wires and electrical equipment

5. Petroleum is not extracted from the oilfields of North Sea by—

(a) United Kingdom
(b) Denmark
(c) Norway
(d) Sweden

✅ Correct Answer: (d) Sweden

👉 Explanation:
North Sea oil is extracted by:

  • UK
  • Norway
  • Denmark

👉 Sweden is NOT involved

👇

📘 B. Fill in the Blanks

  1. A mineral is extracted from the region where its concentration is high.
  2. Metallic minerals are divided into ferrous and non-ferrous.
  3. Aluminium is obtained from bauxite ore.
  4. Petroleum, coal, natural gas and hydroelectricity are conventional sources of energy.
  5. Hematite and magnetite are the major types of iron ore.

📘 C. Technical Terms

  1. Energy generated by turbines run by water falling from a height → Hydroelectricity
  2. Resultant metal formed by mixing two or more metals → Alloy
  3. Materials formed from decomposed plants and animals → Fossil fuels
  4. Mineral deposits formed in river beds → Alluvial deposits
  5. Process of extracting minerals from earth’s crust → Mining

✏️ D. Short Answer Questions

1. What is a mineral? Mention the three main processes of mineral extraction.

A mineral is a naturally occurring substance that has a definite chemical composition and is found in the earth’s crust. Minerals are essential for industrial and economic development.

The three main processes of mineral extraction are:

  • Mining – digging minerals from deep inside the earth
  • Drilling – used to extract petroleum and natural gas
  • Quarrying – extraction of minerals from the surface

2. What is tidal energy? How can it be harnessed?

Tidal energy is the energy obtained from the rise and fall of ocean tides. It is a renewable source of energy.

It can be harnessed by constructing dams or barrages across tidal areas. When water flows during high and low tides, it rotates turbines to produce electricity.

3. Why do we need to conserve mineral resources? (Any three reasons)

We need to conserve mineral resources because:

  • Minerals are limited and non-renewable
  • They take millions of years to form
  • Overuse can lead to resource depletion

Conservation helps ensure availability for future generations.

4. What are the two types of energy sources? Which one is better and why?

There are two types of energy sources:

  • Conventional sources (coal, petroleum, natural gas)
  • Non-conventional sources (solar, wind, tidal energy)

👉 Non-conventional sources are better because:

  • They are renewable
  • They cause less pollution
  • They are sustainable

5. Highlight any three advantages of using nuclear energy.

Advantages of nuclear energy:

  • Produces a large amount of energy
  • Causes less air pollution
  • Requires a small amount of fuel

📝 E. Long Answer Questions

1. How are minerals useful to us? Explain with examples.

Minerals are very important in our daily life and industrial development. They are used in making tools, machines, buildings, and vehicles.

For example:

  • Iron is used in construction and machinery
  • Copper is used in electrical wiring
  • Bauxite is used to make aluminium

Thus, minerals are essential for economic growth and development.

2. In your opinion, electricity is a boon or a bane? Support your answer.

Electricity is a boon because it makes our life easy and comfortable. It is used in homes, schools, hospitals, and industries. It helps in running machines, lighting, and communication systems.

However, excessive use may lead to pollution and wastage. Therefore, electricity should be used wisely.

3. What is meant by nuclear energy? Explain the progress made by India in this field.

Nuclear energy is the energy produced by splitting atoms (nuclear fission). It is a powerful source of energy.

India has made significant progress by establishing nuclear power plants like Tarapur and Kalpakkam. It is using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes such as electricity generation.

4. Assess the importance of petroleum on the basis of its wide range of applications.

Petroleum is one of the most important natural resources. It is widely used as:

  • Fuel (petrol, diesel, kerosene)
  • Raw material in industries
  • Production of plastics, chemicals, and lubricants

Due to its wide uses, petroleum is called “black gold.”

5. Suggest any five measures to conserve minerals and energy resources.

To conserve minerals and energy:

  • Use resources carefully
  • Promote recycling
  • Use renewable energy sources
  • Reduce wastage
  • Spread awareness among people

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